Add Tuya Cloud integration; 2-step add-board wizard; DP value formatting

- Tuya Cloud Gateway driver (tuya-device-sharing-sdk):
  - QR-code auth flow: user-provided user_code, terminal_id/endpoint
    returned by Tuya login_result (mirrors HA implementation)
  - Device sync, toggle DP, rename, per-device detail page
  - category → kind mapping; detect_switch_dps helper
  - format_dp_value: temperature (÷10 + °C/°F), humidity (+ %)
    registered as 'tuya_dp' Jinja2 filter

- TuyaDevice model (tuya_devices table)

- Templates:
  - tuya/gateway.html: device grid with live-reading sensor cards
    (config/threshold keys hidden from card, shown on detail page)
  - tuya/device.html: full status table with formatted DP values
  - tuya/auth_settings.html: user_code input + QR scan flow

- Add-board wizard refactored to 2-step flow:
  - Step 1: choose board type (Cloud Gateways vs Hardware)
  - Step 2: type-specific fields; gateways skip IP/relay fields

- Layout builder: Tuya chip support (makeTuyaChip, tuya_update socket)

- requirements.txt: tuya-device-sharing-sdk, cryptography

app/__init__.py

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ def create_app(config_name: str = "default") -> Flask:
     from app.routes.api import api_bp
     from app.routes.admin import admin_bp
     from app.routes.sonoff import sonoff_bp
+    from app.routes.tuya import tuya_bp
     from app.routes.layouts import layouts_bp
 
     app.register_blueprint(auth_bp)
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ def create_app(config_name: str = "default") -> Flask:
     app.register_blueprint(api_bp, url_prefix="/api")
     app.register_blueprint(admin_bp, url_prefix="/admin")
     app.register_blueprint(sonoff_bp)
+    app.register_blueprint(tuya_bp)
     app.register_blueprint(layouts_bp, url_prefix="/layouts")
 
     # ── user loader ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -59,11 +61,20 @@ def create_app(config_name: str = "default") -> Flask:
     registry.discover()
     app.logger.info("Board drivers loaded: %s", [d.DRIVER_ID for d in registry.all()])
 
+    # ── Jinja filters ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    from app.drivers.tuya_cloud.driver import format_dp_value as _tuya_fmt
+
+    @app.template_filter("tuya_dp")
+    def _tuya_dp_filter(value, dp_code: str, status=None):
+        """Format a raw Tuya DP value for display (temperature scaling, units…)."""
+        return _tuya_fmt(dp_code, value, status)
+
     # ── create tables & seed admin on first run ───────────────────────────────
     with app.app_context():
         # Import all models so their tables are registered before create_all
         from app.models import board, user, workflow  # noqa: F401
         from app.models import sonoff_device  # noqa: F401
+        from app.models import tuya_device  # noqa: F401
         from app.models import layout  # noqa: F401
         db.create_all()
         _seed_admin(app)

app/drivers/tuya_cloud/driver.py

@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+"""Tuya Cloud Gateway Driver.
+
+Implements the Tuya Device Sharing SDK integration.  A single
+"board" record represents an entire Tuya / Smart Life account.
+Each discovered Tuya device is stored as a TuyaDevice record.
+
+Auth flow (QR-code based):
+  1.  User provides any short string as their "user_code".
+  2.  Driver calls LoginControl().qr_code() → receives a QR token.
+  3.  User scans the QR with the Tuya/Smart Life app.
+  4.  Driver polls LoginControl().login_result() until success.
+  5.  Tokens (access_token, refresh_token, etc.) are saved in board.config.
+
+Device categories → kinds mapping follows the Tuya OpenAPI category definitions.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import logging
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from app.drivers.base import BoardDriver
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from app.models.board import Board
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# ── Tuya sharing app credentials (same as Home Assistant) ─────────────────────
+TUYA_CLIENT_ID = "HA_3y9q4ak7g4ephrvke"
+TUYA_SCHEMA    = "haauthorize"
+
+# ── Category code → kind ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+CATEGORY_KIND: dict[str, str] = {
+    # Switches / sockets / power strips
+    "kg": "switch", "cz": "switch", "pc": "switch", "tdq": "switch",
+    "tgkg": "switch", "tgq": "switch", "dlq": "switch", "zndb": "switch",
+    # Lights
+    "dj": "light",  "dd": "light",  "xdd": "light", "fwd": "light",
+    "dc": "light",  "tydj": "light", "gyd": "light",
+    # Fans
+    "fs": "fan",    "fsd": "fan",
+    # Sensors
+    "wsdcg": "sensor", "co2bj": "sensor", "mcs": "sensor",
+    "pir": "sensor",   "ldcg": "sensor",  "pm2.5": "sensor",
+    # Covers / blinds
+    "cl": "cover",  "clkg": "cover",
+}
+
+KIND_ICON: dict[str, str] = {
+    "switch": "bi-toggles",
+    "light":  "bi-lightbulb-fill",
+    "fan":    "bi-fan",
+    "sensor": "bi-thermometer-half",
+    "cover":  "bi-door-open",
+}
+
+
+def category_kind(cat: str) -> str:
+    return CATEGORY_KIND.get(cat, "switch")
+
+
+# ── DP value formatting ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+# DP code substrings that indicate a temperature value stored as integer × 10
+_TEMP_DP_SUBSTRINGS  = ("temp",)
+# Substrings that *contain* "temp" but are NOT scaled temperature readings
+_TEMP_DP_EXCLUDE     = ("unit_convert", "alarm")
+# DP code substrings that carry a raw humidity percentage (0-100)
+_HUMID_DP_SUBSTRINGS = ("humidity", "va_humidity", "hum_set", "hum_alarm")
+
+
+def format_dp_value(dp_code: str, value, status: dict | None = None):
+    """Return a human-readable representation of a Tuya DP value.
+
+    Rules
+    -----
+    * **Temperature DPs** (any code containing ``"temp"`` but not
+      ``"unit_convert"`` or ``"alarm"``): raw integer is divided by 10
+      and the unit symbol (°C / °F) is appended based on the device's
+      ``temp_unit_convert`` status key.
+    * **Humidity DPs**: raw integer is shown with a ``%`` suffix.
+    * **Booleans**: returned unchanged so the template can render badges.
+    * Everything else: returned unchanged.
+    """
+    if isinstance(value, bool):
+        return value  # template renders True/False as coloured badges
+
+    code = dp_code.lower()
+
+    # Temperature (Tuya encodes as integer × 10)
+    if (
+        any(sub in code for sub in _TEMP_DP_SUBSTRINGS)
+        and not any(exc in code for exc in _TEMP_DP_EXCLUDE)
+        and isinstance(value, (int, float))
+    ):
+        unit_raw = (status or {}).get("temp_unit_convert", "c")
+        unit_sym = "°F" if str(unit_raw).lower() == "f" else "°C"
+        return f"{value / 10:.1f} {unit_sym}"
+
+    # Humidity (raw 0-100 %)
+    if any(sub in code for sub in _HUMID_DP_SUBSTRINGS) and isinstance(value, (int, float)):
+        return f"{value} %"
+
+    return value  # pass through; template handles display
+
+
+def detect_switch_dps(device) -> list[str]:
+    """Return ordered list of writable boolean switch DP codes for a device.
+
+    Looks at device.function (writable DPs) and device.status keys.
+    Returns e.g. ['switch'], ['switch_1','switch_2'], etc.
+    """
+    funcs  = device.function if hasattr(device, "function") and device.function else {}
+    status = device.status   if hasattr(device, "status")   and device.status   else {}
+    candidates = set(funcs.keys()) | set(status.keys())
+
+    dps: list[str] = []
+    if "switch" in candidates:
+        dps.append("switch")
+    for i in range(1, 10):
+        key = f"switch_{i}"
+        if key in candidates:
+            dps.append(key)
+
+    # Fallback: treat "led_switch" / "fan_switch" as single channel
+    if not dps:
+        for fallback in ("led_switch", "fan_switch", "switch_led"):
+            if fallback in candidates:
+                dps.append(fallback)
+                break
+
+    return dps or ["switch"]
+
+
+def build_manager(board: "Board"):
+    """Construct a tuya_sharing.Manager from this board's stored config.
+
+    The Manager handles token-refresh automatically.  Any refreshed token
+    is written back to board.config so the next save() persists it.
+    """
+    try:
+        from tuya_sharing import Manager, SharingTokenListener
+    except ImportError:
+        logger.error("tuya-device-sharing-sdk not installed; run: pip install tuya-device-sharing-sdk")
+        return None
+
+    cfg          = board.config
+    token_info   = cfg.get("tuya_token_info")
+    user_code    = cfg.get("tuya_user_code", "")
+    terminal_id  = cfg.get("tuya_terminal_id", "")
+    endpoint     = cfg.get("tuya_endpoint", "https://apigw.iotbing.com")
+
+    if not token_info or not user_code:
+        logger.debug("Board %d has no Tuya token — skipping manager creation", board.id)
+        return None
+
+    class _Listener(SharingTokenListener):
+        def update_token(self, new_token_info: dict):
+            # Merge refreshed token back; caller must db.session.commit() later
+            cfg["tuya_token_info"] = new_token_info
+            board.config = cfg
+
+    try:
+        return Manager(
+            client_id=TUYA_CLIENT_ID,
+            user_code=user_code,
+            terminal_id=terminal_id,
+            end_point=endpoint,
+            token_response=token_info,
+            listener=_Listener(),
+        )
+    except Exception as exc:
+        logger.error("Cannot create Tuya Manager for board %d: %s", board.id, exc)
+        return None
+
+
+# ── Driver class ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+class TuyaCloudDriver(BoardDriver):
+    DRIVER_ID      = "tuya_cloud"
+    DISPLAY_NAME   = "Tuya Cloud Gateway"
+    DESCRIPTION    = "Control Tuya / Smart Life devices via the Tuya Device Sharing cloud API"
+    DEFAULT_NUM_RELAYS = 0
+    DEFAULT_NUM_INPUTS = 0
+
+    # ── Abstract stubs (not used for gateway boards) ──────────────────────────
+    def get_relay_status(self, board, relay_num):  return None
+    def set_relay(self, board, relay_num, state):  return False
+    def toggle_relay(self, board, relay_num):      return None
+    def register_webhook(self, board, callback_url): return True
+
+    # ── Core poll ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    def poll(self, board: "Board") -> dict:
+        """Sync device list + states from Tuya cloud."""
+        try:
+            self.sync_devices(board)
+            board.is_online = True
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.warning("Tuya poll failed for board %d: %s", board.id, exc)
+            board.is_online = False
+        return {"relay_states": {}, "input_states": {}, "is_online": board.is_online}
+
+    # ── Sync ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    def sync_devices(self, board: "Board") -> int:
+        """Fetch the device list from Tuya cloud and upsert TuyaDevice rows."""
+        from app import db
+        from app.models.tuya_device import TuyaDevice
+        from datetime import datetime
+
+        mgr = build_manager(board)
+        if mgr is None:
+            return 0
+
+        mgr.update_device_cache()
+
+        # Persist any token that was refreshed during the update
+        try:
+            db.session.commit()
+        except Exception:
+            db.session.rollback()
+
+        existing: dict[str, TuyaDevice] = {
+            d.device_id: d
+            for d in TuyaDevice.query.filter_by(board_id=board.id).all()
+        }
+
+        synced = 0
+        for device_id, device in mgr.device_map.items():
+            dev = existing.get(device_id)
+            if dev is None:
+                dev = TuyaDevice(board_id=board.id, device_id=device_id)
+                db.session.add(dev)
+
+            if not dev.name:
+                dev.name = device.name or device_id
+            dev.category     = device.category or ""
+            dev.product_name = getattr(device, "product_name", "") or ""
+            dev.is_online    = device.online
+            dev.kind         = category_kind(dev.category)
+            dev.kind_icon_cls = KIND_ICON.get(dev.kind, "bi-toggles")
+
+            switch_dps = detect_switch_dps(device)
+            dev.num_channels     = len(switch_dps)
+            dev.switch_dps_json  = json.dumps(switch_dps)
+            dev.status_json      = json.dumps(dict(device.status) if device.status else {})
+
+            if device.online:
+                dev.last_seen = datetime.utcnow()
+            synced += 1
+
+        db.session.commit()
+        logger.info("Board %d: synced %d Tuya devices", board.id, synced)
+        return synced
+
+    # ── Control ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    def set_dp(self, board: "Board", device_id: str, dp_code: str, value) -> bool:
+        """Send a DP command (e.g. switch=True) to a Tuya device."""
+        mgr = build_manager(board)
+        if mgr is None:
+            return False
+        try:
+            mgr.send_commands(device_id, [{"code": dp_code, "value": value}])
+            self._apply_local(board, device_id, dp_code, value)
+            return True
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.error("Tuya set_dp %s.%s=%s failed: %s", device_id, dp_code, value, exc)
+            return False
+
+    def toggle_dp(self, board: "Board", device_id: str, dp_code: str) -> bool:
+        """Toggle the boolean state of a DP."""
+        from app.models.tuya_device import TuyaDevice
+        dev = TuyaDevice.query.filter_by(
+            board_id=board.id, device_id=device_id
+        ).first()
+        if not dev:
+            return False
+        current_val = dev.status.get(dp_code, False)
+        return self.set_dp(board, device_id, dp_code, not bool(current_val))
+
+    # ── Private ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    @staticmethod
+    def _apply_local(board: "Board", device_id: str, dp_code: str, value) -> None:
+        """Update the cached status immediately so the UI is consistent."""
+        from app import db
+        from app.models.tuya_device import TuyaDevice
+        dev = TuyaDevice.query.filter_by(
+            board_id=board.id, device_id=device_id
+        ).first()
+        if dev:
+            s = dev.status
+            s[dp_code] = value
+            dev.status = s
+            try:
+                db.session.commit()
+            except Exception:
+                db.session.rollback()

app/drivers/tuya_cloud/manifest.json

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "driver_id": "tuya_cloud",
+  "name": "Tuya Cloud Gateway",
+  "description": "Control Tuya / Smart Life devices via the Tuya Device Sharing cloud API"
+}

app/models/board.py

@@ -56,6 +56,10 @@ class Board(db.Model):
         "SonoffDevice", back_populates="board",
         cascade="all, delete-orphan", lazy="dynamic"
     )
+    tuya_devices = db.relationship(
+        "TuyaDevice", back_populates="board",
+        cascade="all, delete-orphan", lazy="dynamic"
+    )
 
     # ── helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
     @property

app/models/tuya_device.py

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+"""TuyaDevice model – represents a single Tuya / Smart Life sub-device
+belonging to a Tuya Cloud Gateway board.
+
+Each board (gateway) has many TuyaDevice rows, one per cloud device.
+Controllable "channels" are boolean switch Data-Points (DPs) identified
+by dp_code strings like "switch", "switch_1", "switch_2", …
+"""
+import json
+from datetime import datetime
+from app import db
+
+
+class TuyaDevice(db.Model):
+    __tablename__ = "tuya_devices"
+
+    id          = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
+    board_id    = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("boards.id"), nullable=False)
+
+    # Tuya global device ID (e.g. "bf0123456789abc")
+    device_id   = db.Column(db.String(64), nullable=False)
+    # User-visible name
+    name        = db.Column(db.String(128), default="")
+    # Tuya product category code (e.g. "kg"=switch, "dj"=light)
+    category    = db.Column(db.String(32), default="")
+    # Full product name from Tuya cloud
+    product_name = db.Column(db.String(128), default="")
+    # Derived kind label: switch / light / fan / sensor / cover
+    kind        = db.Column(db.String(32), default="switch")
+    # Bootstrap icon class for this kind
+    kind_icon_cls = db.Column(db.String(64), default="bi-toggles")
+    # Number of controllable switch channels
+    num_channels = db.Column(db.Integer, default=1)
+    # JSON list of switch DP codes in channel order, e.g. ["switch_1","switch_2"]
+    switch_dps_json = db.Column(db.Text, default='["switch"]')
+    # Full device status as JSON dict, e.g. {"switch":true,"countdown":0}
+    status_json = db.Column(db.Text, default="{}")
+    # Whether device is currently online
+    is_online   = db.Column(db.Boolean, default=False)
+    last_seen   = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=True)
+
+    board = db.relationship("Board", back_populates="tuya_devices")
+
+    # ── status helpers ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @property
+    def status(self) -> dict:
+        try:
+            return json.loads(self.status_json or "{}")
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            return {}
+
+    @status.setter
+    def status(self, value: dict):
+        self.status_json = json.dumps(value)
+
+    # ── switch-DP helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @property
+    def switch_dps(self) -> list[str]:
+        """Ordered list of switch DP codes, e.g. ['switch_1', 'switch_2']."""
+        try:
+            v = json.loads(self.switch_dps_json or '["switch"]')
+            return v if v else ["switch"]
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            return ["switch"]
+
+    def get_channel_state(self, idx: int) -> bool:
+        """Return the on/off state of the switch channel at *idx*."""
+        dps = self.switch_dps
+        if not dps:
+            return False
+        dp_code = dps[idx] if idx < len(dps) else dps[0]
+        return bool(self.status.get(dp_code, False))
+
+    def dp_for_channel(self, idx: int) -> str:
+        """Return the dp_code for channel at *idx*."""
+        dps = self.switch_dps
+        return dps[idx] if dps and idx < len(dps) else dps[0] if dps else "switch"

app/routes/boards.py

@@ -32,9 +32,11 @@ def list_boards():
 @login_required
 def board_detail(board_id: int):
     board = db.get_or_404(Board, board_id)
-    # Sonoff eWeLink gateway boards have their own page
+    # Gateway boards have their own dedicated page
     if board.board_type == "sonoff_ewelink":
         return redirect(url_for("sonoff.gateway", board_id=board_id))
+    if board.board_type == "tuya_cloud":
+        return redirect(url_for("tuya.gateway", board_id=board_id))
     # Refresh states from device
     poll_board(current_app._get_current_object(), board_id)
     board = db.session.get(Board, board_id)
@@ -57,14 +59,17 @@ def add_board():
         num_relays = int(request.form.get("num_relays", 4))
         num_inputs = int(request.form.get("num_inputs", 4))
 
-        # Sonoff gateway doesn't need a real host address
-        is_gateway = board_type == "sonoff_ewelink"
+        # Gateway boards don't need a real host address
+        is_gateway = board_type in ("sonoff_ewelink", "tuya_cloud")
         if not name or (not host and not is_gateway):
             flash("Name and host are required.", "danger")
             return render_template("boards/add.html", board_types=_board_types(), drivers=registry.all())
 
         if is_gateway:
-            host = host or "ewelink.cloud"
+            if board_type == "tuya_cloud":
+                host = host or "openapi.tuyaeu.com"
+            else:
+                host = host or "ewelink.cloud"
             num_relays = 0
             num_inputs = 0
 
@@ -84,6 +89,11 @@ def add_board():
         register_webhook(board, server_url)
 
         flash(f"Board '{name}' added successfully.", "success")
+        # Send gateway boards straight to their auth/settings page
+        if board_type == "sonoff_ewelink":
+            return redirect(url_for("sonoff.auth_settings", board_id=board.id))
+        if board_type == "tuya_cloud":
+            return redirect(url_for("tuya.auth_settings", board_id=board.id))
         return redirect(url_for("boards.board_detail", board_id=board.id))
 
     return render_template("boards/add.html", board_types=_board_types(), drivers=registry.all())

app/routes/layouts.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from app import db
 from app.models.layout import Layout
 from app.models.board import Board
 from app.models.sonoff_device import SonoffDevice
+from app.models.tuya_device import TuyaDevice
 
 layouts_bp = Blueprint("layouts", __name__)
 
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ def builder(layout_id: int):
     for b in boards:
         bd = {"id": b.id, "name": b.name, "online": b.is_online,
               "relays": [], "inputs": [], "sonoff_channels": [],
+              "tuya_channels": [],
               "board_type": b.board_type}
 
         # ── Standard relay/input boards ──────────────────────────────────────
@@ -104,6 +106,33 @@ def builder(layout_id: int):
                         "isOnline":   dev.is_online,
                     })
 
+        # ── Tuya Cloud sub-devices ────────────────────────────────────────────
+        if b.board_type == "tuya_cloud":
+            TUYA_KIND_ICON = {
+                "switch": "bi-toggles",
+                "light":  "bi-lightbulb-fill",
+                "fan":    "bi-fan",
+                "sensor": "bi-thermometer-half",
+                "cover":  "bi-door-open",
+            }
+            tuya_devs = TuyaDevice.query.filter_by(board_id=b.id).order_by(
+                TuyaDevice.name).all()
+            for dev in tuya_devs:
+                icon = TUYA_KIND_ICON.get(dev.kind, "bi-plug")
+                for dp in dev.switch_dps:
+                    idx   = dev.switch_dps.index(dp)
+                    label = (dev.name if dev.num_channels == 1
+                             else f"{dev.name} – Ch{idx + 1}")
+                    bd["tuya_channels"].append({
+                        "deviceId": dev.device_id,
+                        "channel":  dp,        # dp_code string, e.g. "switch_1"
+                        "name":     label,
+                        "icon":     icon,
+                        "kind":     dev.kind,
+                        "isOn":     dev.status.get(dp, False),
+                        "isOnline": dev.is_online,
+                    })
+
         boards_data.append(bd)
 
     return render_template(

app/routes/tuya.py

@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+"""Tuya Cloud Gateway routes.
+
+URL structure:
+  GET  /tuya/<board_id>                                   – gateway overview
+  GET  /tuya/<board_id>/auth                              – auth settings page
+  POST /tuya/<board_id>/auth/qr                           – (AJAX) generate QR code
+  GET  /tuya/<board_id>/auth/poll                         – (AJAX) poll login result
+  POST /tuya/<board_id>/auth/save                         – (AJAX) persist tokens
+  POST /tuya/<board_id>/sync                              – sync devices from cloud
+  GET  /tuya/<board_id>/device/<device_id>                – device detail
+  POST /tuya/<board_id>/device/<device_id>/dp/<dp>/toggle – toggle a DP
+  POST /tuya/<board_id>/device/<device_id>/rename         – rename a device
+"""
+from flask import (
+    Blueprint, abort, flash, jsonify, redirect,
+    render_template, request, url_for,
+)
+from flask_login import current_user, login_required
+
+from app import db, socketio
+from app.models.board import Board
+from app.models.tuya_device import TuyaDevice
+from app.drivers.registry import registry
+from app.drivers.tuya_cloud.driver import (
+    TUYA_CLIENT_ID, TUYA_SCHEMA, category_kind, KIND_ICON,
+)
+
+tuya_bp = Blueprint("tuya", __name__, url_prefix="/tuya")
+
+
+# ── Helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+def _get_gateway(board_id: int) -> Board:
+    board = db.get_or_404(Board, board_id)
+    if board.board_type != "tuya_cloud":
+        abort(404)
+    return board
+
+
+def _get_driver(board: Board):
+    drv = registry.get("tuya_cloud")
+    if drv is None:
+        abort(500)
+    return drv
+
+
+# ── Gateway overview ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@tuya_bp.route("/<int:board_id>")
+@login_required
+def gateway(board_id: int):
+    board   = _get_gateway(board_id)
+    devices = (
+        TuyaDevice.query.filter_by(board_id=board_id)
+        .order_by(TuyaDevice.name)
+        .all()
+    )
+    has_token = bool(board.config.get("tuya_token_info"))
+    return render_template(
+        "tuya/gateway.html",
+        board=board,
+        devices=devices,
+        has_token=has_token,
+    )
+
+
+# ── Auth settings ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@tuya_bp.route("/<int:board_id>/auth")
+@login_required
+def auth_settings(board_id: int):
+    if not current_user.is_admin():
+        abort(403)
+    board = _get_gateway(board_id)
+    return render_template("tuya/auth_settings.html", board=board)
+
+
+@tuya_bp.route("/<int:board_id>/auth/qr", methods=["POST"])
+@login_required
+def generate_qr(board_id: int):
+    """AJAX: generate a new QR-code token for this board.
+
+    The caller must supply a ``user_code`` in the JSON body.  This is a
+    meaningful identifier chosen by the user (e.g. a short string they
+    recognise) that Tuya uses to link the scan to their account.  It must
+    **not** be auto-generated – Tuya validates it server-side.
+    """
+    if not current_user.is_admin():
+        abort(403)
+    _get_gateway(board_id)
+
+    data      = request.get_json(silent=True) or {}
+    user_code = data.get("user_code", "").strip()
+
+    if not user_code:
+        return jsonify({"ok": False, "error": "A user code is required to generate the QR code."}), 400
+
+    try:
+        from tuya_sharing import LoginControl
+        lc       = LoginControl()
+        response = lc.qr_code(TUYA_CLIENT_ID, TUYA_SCHEMA, user_code)
+
+        if not response.get("success"):
+            return jsonify({"ok": False, "error": response.get("msg", "QR generation failed")}), 400
+
+        qr_token = response["result"]["qrcode"]
+        # The URI that Smart Life / Tuya Smart app decodes from the QR:
+        qr_data  = f"tuyaSmart--qrLogin?token={qr_token}"
+
+        return jsonify({
+            "ok":        True,
+            "qr_data":   qr_data,
+            "qr_token":  qr_token,
+            "user_code": user_code,
+        })
+    except Exception as exc:
+        return jsonify({"ok": False, "error": str(exc)}), 500
+
+
+@tuya_bp.route("/<int:board_id>/auth/poll")
+@login_required
+def poll_login(board_id: int):
+    """AJAX: check whether the user has scanned the QR code yet."""
+    qr_token  = request.args.get("token", "")
+    user_code = request.args.get("user_code", "")
+
+    if not qr_token or not user_code:
+        return jsonify({"ok": False, "error": "Missing token or user_code"}), 400
+
+    try:
+        from tuya_sharing import LoginControl
+        lc      = LoginControl()
+        ret, info = lc.login_result(qr_token, TUYA_CLIENT_ID, user_code)
+
+        if ret:
+            return jsonify({"ok": True, "info": info})
+        return jsonify({"ok": False, "pending": True})
+    except Exception as exc:
+        return jsonify({"ok": False, "error": str(exc)}), 500
+
+
+@tuya_bp.route("/<int:board_id>/auth/save", methods=["POST"])
+@login_required
+def save_auth(board_id: int):
+    """AJAX: persist tokens after successful QR scan."""
+    if not current_user.is_admin():
+        abort(403)
+    board = _get_gateway(board_id)
+
+    data = request.get_json(silent=True) or {}
+    info        = data.get("info", {})
+    user_code   = data.get("user_code", "")
+
+    if not info or not user_code:
+        return jsonify({"ok": False, "error": "Missing data"}), 400
+
+    cfg = board.config
+    # Store the token blob (t, uid, expire_time, access_token, refresh_token)
+    cfg["tuya_token_info"] = {
+        "t":             info.get("t", 0),
+        "uid":           info.get("uid", ""),
+        "expire_time":   info.get("expire_time", 7776000),
+        "access_token":  info.get("access_token", ""),
+        "refresh_token": info.get("refresh_token", ""),
+    }
+    cfg["tuya_user_code"]   = user_code
+    # terminal_id and endpoint are returned by Tuya in the login_result info dict
+    cfg["tuya_terminal_id"] = info.get("terminal_id", "")
+    cfg["tuya_endpoint"]    = info.get("endpoint", "https://apigw.iotbing.com")
+    board.config = cfg
+    db.session.commit()
+
+    return jsonify({"ok": True, "redirect": url_for("tuya.gateway", board_id=board_id)})
+
+
+# ── Sync devices ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@tuya_bp.route("/<int:board_id>/sync", methods=["POST"])
+@login_required
+def sync_devices(board_id: int):
+    if not current_user.is_admin():
+        abort(403)
+    board = _get_gateway(board_id)
+    drv   = _get_driver(board)
+    try:
+        n = drv.sync_devices(board)
+        db.session.commit()
+        flash(f"✓ Synced {n} Tuya device(s).", "success")
+    except Exception as exc:
+        flash(f"Sync failed: {exc}", "danger")
+    return redirect(url_for("tuya.gateway", board_id=board_id))
+
+
+# ── Device detail ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@tuya_bp.route("/<int:board_id>/device/<device_id>")
+@login_required
+def device_detail(board_id: int, device_id: str):
+    board  = _get_gateway(board_id)
+    device = TuyaDevice.query.filter_by(
+        board_id=board_id, device_id=device_id
+    ).first_or_404()
+    return render_template("tuya/device.html", board=board, device=device)
+
+
+# ── Toggle ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@tuya_bp.route("/<int:board_id>/device/<device_id>/dp/<dp_code>/toggle", methods=["POST"])
+@login_required
+def toggle_dp(board_id: int, device_id: str, dp_code: str):
+    board  = _get_gateway(board_id)
+    device = TuyaDevice.query.filter_by(
+        board_id=board_id, device_id=device_id
+    ).first_or_404()
+    drv = _get_driver(board)
+    ok  = drv.toggle_dp(board, device_id, dp_code)
+
+    new_state = device.status.get(dp_code, False)
+
+    # Broadcast to all connected clients
+    socketio.emit("tuya_update", {
+        "board_id":  board_id,
+        "device_id": device_id,
+        "dp_code":   dp_code,
+        "state":     new_state,
+    })
+
+    if request.headers.get("Accept") == "application/json" or \
+       request.headers.get("X-Requested-With") == "XMLHttpRequest":
+        return jsonify({"ok": ok, "state": new_state})
+    return redirect(url_for("tuya.device_detail", board_id=board_id, device_id=device_id))
+
+
+# ── Rename ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@tuya_bp.route("/<int:board_id>/device/<device_id>/rename", methods=["POST"])
+@login_required
+def rename_device(board_id: int, device_id: str):
+    if not current_user.is_admin():
+        abort(403)
+    board  = _get_gateway(board_id)
+    device = TuyaDevice.query.filter_by(
+        board_id=board_id, device_id=device_id
+    ).first_or_404()
+    new_name = request.form.get("name", "").strip()
+    if new_name:
+        device.name = new_name
+        db.session.commit()
+        flash(f"Device renamed to '{new_name}'.", "success")
+    return redirect(url_for("tuya.device_detail", board_id=board_id, device_id=device_id))

app/static/js/layout_builder.js

@@ -257,11 +257,15 @@
     // relay type badge
     const typeText = opts.entityType === "relay" ? "relay"
                    : opts.entityType === "sonoff" ? "sonoff"
+                   : opts.entityType === "tuya"   ? "tuya"
                    : "input";
     const badge = new Konva.Text({
       x: 36, y: 38,
       text: typeText, fontSize: 9, fontFamily: "system-ui, sans-serif",
-      fill: opts.entityType === "relay" ? "#f0883e" : opts.entityType === "sonoff" ? "#58a6ff" : "#3fb950",
+      fill: opts.entityType === "relay" ? "#f0883e"
+          : opts.entityType === "sonoff" ? "#58a6ff"
+          : opts.entityType === "tuya"   ? "#20c997"
+          : "#3fb950",
       name: "device-type",
     });
 
@@ -310,6 +314,8 @@
           .replace("{relayNum}", opts.entityNum);
       } else if (opts.entityType === "sonoff") {
         url = `/sonoff/${opts.boardId}/device/${encodeURIComponent(opts.deviceId)}/ch/${opts.channel}/toggle`;
+      } else if (opts.entityType === "tuya") {
+        url = `/tuya/${opts.boardId}/device/${encodeURIComponent(opts.deviceId)}/dp/${encodeURIComponent(opts.channel)}/toggle`;
       } else {
         return;  // inputs are read-only
       }
@@ -399,6 +405,14 @@
         isOn     = entityInfo.isOn;
         onColor  = entityInfo.kind === "light" ? "warning" : "success";
         offColor = "secondary";
+      } else if (d.entityType === "tuya") {
+        // Match by deviceId + channel (dp_code) stored in tuya_channels
+        entityInfo = board.tuya_channels &&
+          board.tuya_channels.find(tc => tc.deviceId === d.deviceId && tc.channel === d.channel);
+        if (!entityInfo) return;
+        isOn     = entityInfo.isOn;
+        onColor  = entityInfo.kind === "light" ? "warning" : "success";
+        offColor = "secondary";
       } else if (d.entityType === "relay") {
         entityInfo = board.relays.find(r => r.num === d.entityNum);
         if (!entityInfo) return;
@@ -427,7 +441,7 @@
         boardName:  board.name,
         icon:       entityInfo.icon,
         stateColor: colorForState(isOn, onColor, offColor),
-        isRelay:    d.entityType === "relay" || d.entityType === "sonoff",
+        isRelay:    d.entityType === "relay" || d.entityType === "sonoff" || d.entityType === "tuya",
       });
       deviceLayer.add(group);
     });
@@ -837,6 +851,13 @@
           hasAny = true;
         });
       }
+      // ── Tuya sub-devices ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+      if (board.tuya_channels && board.tuya_channels.length) {
+        board.tuya_channels.forEach(tc => {
+          grp.appendChild(makeTuyaChip(board, tc));
+          hasAny = true;
+        });
+      }
 
       if (hasAny) list.appendChild(grp);
     });
@@ -928,6 +949,46 @@
     return chip;
   }
 
+  function makeTuyaChip(board, tc) {
+    const chip = document.createElement("div");
+    chip.className   = "lb-device-chip";
+    chip.draggable   = true;
+    chip.dataset.boardId    = board.id;
+    chip.dataset.entityType = "tuya";
+    chip.dataset.deviceId   = tc.deviceId;
+    chip.dataset.channel    = tc.channel;   // dp_code string
+    chip.dataset.name       = tc.name;
+    chip.dataset.boardName  = board.name;
+    chip.dataset.isOn       = tc.isOn;
+
+    const onColor  = tc.kind === "light" ? "warning" : "success";
+    const dotColor = colorForState(tc.isOn, onColor, "secondary");
+
+    chip.innerHTML = `
+      <span class="chip-dot" style="background:${dotColor}"></span>
+      <i class="bi ${escHtml(tc.icon)}" style="font-size:13px"></i>
+      <span class="text-truncate">${escHtml(tc.name)}</span>
+      <span class="ms-auto text-secondary" style="font-size:.7rem">${escHtml(tc.kind || 'switch')}</span>`;
+
+    chip.addEventListener("dragstart", (e) => {
+      e.dataTransfer.effectAllowed = "copy";
+      e.dataTransfer.setData("application/json", JSON.stringify({
+        boardId:    parseInt(board.id),
+        entityType: "tuya",
+        entityNum:  null,
+        deviceId:   tc.deviceId,
+        channel:    tc.channel,
+        name:       tc.name,
+        boardName:  board.name,
+        onColor,
+        offColor:   "secondary",
+        isOn:       tc.isOn,
+      }));
+    });
+
+    return chip;
+  }
+
   // ── canvas drop target ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
   const ghost = document.getElementById("lb-drag-ghost");
 
@@ -979,7 +1040,7 @@
       name:       dragged.name,
       boardName:  dragged.boardName,
       stateColor,
-      isRelay:    dragged.entityType === "relay" || dragged.entityType === "sonoff",
+      isRelay:    dragged.entityType === "relay" || dragged.entityType === "sonoff" || dragged.entityType === "tuya",
     });
 
     deviceLayer.add(group);
@@ -1020,6 +1081,25 @@
       });
     });
 
+    // Tuya devices emit a "tuya_update" event
+    socket.on("tuya_update", (data) => {
+      const bid = data.board_id;
+
+      deviceLayer.find(".device-group").forEach(group => {
+        if (group.attrs.boardId    !== bid)           return;
+        if (group.attrs.entityType !== "tuya")        return;
+        if (group.attrs.deviceId   !== data.device_id) return;
+        if (group.attrs.channel    !== data.dp_code)   return;
+
+        const board   = CFG.boards.find(b => b.id === bid);
+        const tc      = board && board.tuya_channels &&
+          board.tuya_channels.find(t =>
+            t.deviceId === data.device_id && t.channel === data.dp_code);
+        const onColor = tc ? (tc.kind === "light" ? "warning" : "success") : "success";
+        updateDeviceState(group, data.state, onColor, "secondary");
+      });
+    });
+
     // Sonoff sub-devices emit a separate "sonoff_update" event
     socket.on("sonoff_update", (data) => {
       const bid = data.board_id;

app/templates/boards/add.html

@@ -2,99 +2,340 @@
 {% block title %}Add Board – Location Management{% endblock %}
 
 {% block content %}
-<nav aria-label="breadcrumb" class="mb-3">
+<nav aria-label="breadcrumb" class="mb-4">
   <ol class="breadcrumb">
     <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="{{ url_for('boards.list_boards') }}">Boards</a></li>
     <li class="breadcrumb-item active">Add Board</li>
   </ol>
 </nav>
 
-<div class="card border-0 rounded-4" style="max-width:640px">
-  <div class="card-header bg-transparent fw-semibold pt-3">
-    <i class="bi bi-plus-circle me-1 text-primary"></i> Add New Board
-  </div>
-  <div class="card-body">
-    <form method="POST">
-      <div class="mb-3">
-        <label class="form-label">Local Name</label>
-        <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control" placeholder="e.g. Server Room Board" required />
-      </div>
-      <div class="mb-3">
-        <label class="form-label">Board Type</label>
-        <select name="board_type" class="form-select" id="board_type_select" onchange="updateDefaults(this.value)">
-          {% for value, label in board_types %}
-          <option value="{{ value }}">{{ label }}</option>
-          {% endfor %}
-        </select>
-        <div class="form-text text-secondary" id="driver_desc"></div>
-      </div>
-      {# ── Hardware board fields (hidden for Sonoff gateway) ── #}
-      <div id="hw_fields">
-        <div class="row g-3 mb-3">
-          <div class="col-8">
-            <label class="form-label">IP Address / Hostname</label>
-            <input type="text" name="host" id="host_input" class="form-control font-monospace" placeholder="192.168.1.100" />
-          </div>
-          <div class="col-4">
-            <label class="form-label">Port</label>
-            <input type="number" name="port" class="form-control" value="80" min="1" max="65535" />
-          </div>
-        </div>
-        <div class="row g-3 mb-4">
-          <div class="col-6">
-            <label class="form-label">Number of Relays</label>
-            <input type="number" name="num_relays" id="num_relays" class="form-control" value="4" min="0" max="32" />
-          </div>
-          <div class="col-6">
-            <label class="form-label">Number of Inputs</label>
-            <input type="number" name="num_inputs" id="num_inputs" class="form-control" value="4" min="0" max="32" />
-          </div>
-        </div>
-      </div>
+{# ── Step indicator ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────── #}
+<div class="d-flex align-items-center mb-4" id="step-indicator" style="max-width:420px">
+  <div class="step-bubble active" id="bubble-1">1</div>
+  <span class="small fw-semibold ms-2 me-3" id="lbl-1">Choose Type</span>
+  <div class="step-line" id="step-line"></div>
+  <div class="step-bubble ms-3 me-2" id="bubble-2">2</div>
+  <span class="small text-muted" id="lbl-2">Configure</span>
+</div>
 
-      {# ── Sonoff gateway info ── #}
-      <div id="sonoff_info" class="d-none mb-4">
-        <div class="alert alert-info d-flex gap-3 align-items-start py-3">
-          <i class="bi bi-cloud-lightning-fill fs-4 text-warning mt-1"></i>
+{# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+   STEP 1 – pick a board / integration type
+══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ #}
+<div id="step1">
+  <h5 class="fw-bold mb-1">What are you adding?</h5>
+  <p class="text-muted small mb-4">Choose the hardware board or cloud service you want to connect.</p>
+
+  <p class="text-uppercase text-muted fw-semibold small mb-2" style="letter-spacing:.07em">
+    <i class="bi bi-cloud me-1"></i>Cloud Gateways
+  </p>
+  <div class="row g-3 mb-4">
+
+    <div class="col-12 col-sm-6">
+      <button type="button" class="type-card w-100 text-start" data-type="sonoff_ewelink">
+        <div class="d-flex align-items-start gap-3">
+          <div class="type-icon" style="background:rgba(255,210,0,.12);color:#ffd200">
+            <i class="bi bi-cloud-lightning-fill"></i>
+          </div>
           <div>
-            <strong>Sonoff eWeLink Gateway</strong><br>
-            <span class="small">
-              After adding, you'll be redirected to set up your eWeLink account credentials.
-              All your Sonoff devices will be discovered automatically from the cloud.
-              LAN control is used when devices are reachable on the local network.
-            </span>
+            <div class="fw-semibold">Sonoff eWeLink</div>
+            <div class="small text-muted mt-1">Control Sonoff devices via the eWeLink cloud.</div>
           </div>
         </div>
-      </div>
-      <div class="d-flex gap-2">
-        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary"><i class="bi bi-check-lg me-1"></i> Add Board</button>
-        <a href="{{ url_for('boards.list_boards') }}" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">Cancel</a>
-      </div>
-    </form>
+      </button>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="col-12 col-sm-6">
+      <button type="button" class="type-card w-100 text-start" data-type="tuya_cloud">
+        <div class="d-flex align-items-start gap-3">
+          <div class="type-icon" style="background:rgba(32,201,151,.12);color:#20c997">
+            <i class="bi bi-cloud-fill"></i>
+          </div>
+          <div>
+            <div class="fw-semibold">Tuya Cloud</div>
+            <div class="small text-muted mt-1">Control Tuya / Smart Life devices via QR login.</div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </button>
+    </div>
+
+  </div>
+
+  <p class="text-uppercase text-muted fw-semibold small mb-2" style="letter-spacing:.07em">
+    <i class="bi bi-cpu me-1"></i>Hardware Boards
+  </p>
+  <div class="row g-3">
+    {% for d in drivers %}
+    {% if d.DRIVER_ID not in ("sonoff_ewelink", "tuya_cloud") %}
+    <div class="col-12 col-sm-6 col-lg-4">
+      <button type="button" class="type-card w-100 text-start" data-type="{{ d.DRIVER_ID }}">
+        <div class="d-flex align-items-start gap-3">
+          <div class="type-icon" style="background:rgba(88,166,255,.12);color:#58a6ff">
+            <i class="bi bi-cpu-fill"></i>
+          </div>
+          <div>
+            <div class="fw-semibold">{{ d.DRIVER_ID | replace('_',' ') | title }}</div>
+            <div class="small text-muted mt-1">{{ d.DESCRIPTION }}</div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </button>
+    </div>
+    {% endif %}
+    {% endfor %}
   </div>
 </div>
+
+
+{# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+   STEP 2 – configuration form
+══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ #}
+<div id="step2" class="d-none" style="max-width:560px">
+
+  <button type="button" class="btn btn-link btn-sm text-muted ps-0 mb-3" id="btn-back">
+    <i class="bi bi-arrow-left me-1"></i>Back
+  </button>
+
+  {# Selected type badge #}
+  <div class="d-flex align-items-center gap-3 mb-4">
+    <div class="type-icon-sm" id="s2-icon-wrap"></div>
+    <div>
+      <div class="fw-bold fs-6" id="s2-type-label"></div>
+      <div class="small text-muted" id="s2-type-desc"></div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+
+  <form method="POST" id="add-form">
+    <input type="hidden" name="board_type" id="f-board-type">
+
+    {# Name – always shown #}
+    <div class="mb-4">
+      <label class="form-label fw-semibold">Board Name</label>
+      <input type="text" name="name" id="f-name" class="form-control"
+             placeholder="e.g. Living Room Gateway" required autofocus>
+      <div class="form-text text-muted">A friendly name to identify this board.</div>
+    </div>
+
+    {# ── Gateway info box (Sonoff / Tuya) ── #}
+    <div id="f-gw-section" class="d-none mb-4">
+      <div class="alert py-3 d-flex gap-3 align-items-start" id="f-gw-alert">
+        <span id="f-gw-icon" class="fs-4 mt-1"></span>
+        <div id="f-gw-text"></div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+
+    {# ── Hardware-only fields ── #}
+    <div id="f-hw-section" class="d-none">
+      <div class="row g-3 mb-3">
+        <div class="col-8">
+          <label class="form-label fw-semibold">IP Address / Hostname</label>
+          <input type="text" name="host" id="f-host" class="form-control font-monospace"
+                 placeholder="192.168.1.100">
+        </div>
+        <div class="col-4">
+          <label class="form-label fw-semibold">Port</label>
+          <input type="number" name="port" class="form-control" value="80" min="1" max="65535">
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      <div class="row g-3 mb-4">
+        <div class="col-6">
+          <label class="form-label fw-semibold">Relay Outputs</label>
+          <input type="number" name="num_relays" id="f-relays" class="form-control"
+                 value="4" min="0" max="32">
+        </div>
+        <div class="col-6">
+          <label class="form-label fw-semibold">Digital Inputs</label>
+          <input type="number" name="num_inputs" id="f-inputs" class="form-control"
+                 value="4" min="0" max="32">
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="d-flex gap-2">
+      <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary px-4">
+        <i class="bi bi-check-lg me-1"></i>Add Board
+      </button>
+      <a href="{{ url_for('boards.list_boards') }}" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">Cancel</a>
+    </div>
+  </form>
+</div>
+
+<style>
+.type-card {
+  background: #161b22;
+  border: 1px solid #30363d;
+  border-radius: .75rem;
+  padding: 1rem 1.1rem;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  transition: border-color .15s, background .15s, box-shadow .15s;
+  color: inherit;
+}
+.type-card:hover, .type-card:focus {
+  border-color: #58a6ff;
+  background: rgba(88,166,255,.06);
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(88,166,255,.12);
+  outline: none;
+}
+.type-icon {
+  width: 44px; height: 44px; border-radius: .55rem;
+  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
+  font-size: 1.4rem; flex-shrink: 0;
+}
+.type-icon-sm {
+  width: 38px; height: 38px; border-radius: .45rem;
+  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
+  font-size: 1.25rem; flex-shrink: 0;
+}
+.step-bubble {
+  width: 28px; height: 28px; border-radius: 50%;
+  background: #30363d; color: #8b949e;
+  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
+  font-size: .8rem; font-weight: 700; flex-shrink: 0;
+  transition: background .2s, color .2s;
+}
+.step-bubble.active { background: #1f6feb; color: #fff; }
+.step-bubble.done   { background: #238636; color: #fff; }
+.step-line {
+  flex: 1; height: 2px; background: #30363d;
+  min-width: 32px; max-width: 60px;
+  transition: background .2s;
+}
+.step-line.done { background: #238636; }
+</style>
 {% endblock %}
 
 {% block scripts %}
 <script>
-const driverDefaults = {
-  {% for d in drivers %}
-  "{{ d.DRIVER_ID }}": { relays: {{ d.DEFAULT_NUM_RELAYS }}, inputs: {{ d.DEFAULT_NUM_INPUTS }}, desc: "{{ d.DESCRIPTION }}" },
-  {% endfor %}
-};
-function updateDefaults(type) {
-  const d = driverDefaults[type] || { relays: 4, inputs: 4, desc: "" };
-  document.getElementById("num_relays").value = d.relays;
-  document.getElementById("num_inputs").value = d.inputs;
-  document.getElementById("driver_desc").textContent = d.desc;
+(function () {
+  const DRIVERS = {
+    {% for d in drivers %}
+    "{{ d.DRIVER_ID }}": {
+      relays: {{ d.DEFAULT_NUM_RELAYS }},
+      inputs: {{ d.DEFAULT_NUM_INPUTS }},
+      desc:   "{{ d.DESCRIPTION | replace('"', '\\"') }}",
+    },
+    {% endfor %}
+  };
 
-  const isGateway = type === "sonoff_ewelink";
-  document.getElementById("hw_fields").classList.toggle("d-none", isGateway);
-  document.getElementById("sonoff_info").classList.toggle("d-none", !isGateway);
-  // host is not required for gateway
-  document.getElementById("host_input").required = !isGateway;
-}
-// init on page load
-updateDefaults(document.getElementById("board_type_select").value);
+  const GW_META = {
+    sonoff_ewelink: {
+      label:       "Sonoff eWeLink",
+      iconHtml:    '<i class="bi bi-cloud-lightning-fill"></i>',
+      iconBg:      "rgba(255,210,0,.15)",
+      iconColor:   "#ffd200",
+      alertCls:    "alert-warning",
+      alertIcon:   '<i class="bi bi-cloud-lightning-fill text-warning"></i>',
+      alertBody:   '<strong>Sonoff eWeLink Gateway</strong><br>'
+                 + '<span class="small">After adding, you\'ll enter your eWeLink '
+                 + 'account credentials to discover and control all your Sonoff devices '
+                 + 'automatically.</span>',
+    },
+    tuya_cloud: {
+      label:       "Tuya Cloud",
+      iconHtml:    '<i class="bi bi-cloud-fill"></i>',
+      iconBg:      "rgba(32,201,151,.15)",
+      iconColor:   "#20c997",
+      alertCls:    "alert-info",
+      alertIcon:   '<i class="bi bi-qr-code text-info"></i>',
+      alertBody:   '<strong>Tuya / Smart Life Cloud Gateway</strong><br>'
+                 + '<span class="small">After adding, you\'ll scan a QR code with '
+                 + 'the <strong>Smart Life</strong> or <strong>Tuya Smart</strong> app '
+                 + 'to link your account and discover all your Tuya devices automatically.</span>',
+    },
+  };
+
+  const GATEWAY_TYPES = Object.keys(GW_META);
+
+  // DOM
+  const step1    = document.getElementById("step1");
+  const step2    = document.getElementById("step2");
+  const btnBack  = document.getElementById("btn-back");
+  const bubble1  = document.getElementById("bubble-1");
+  const bubble2  = document.getElementById("bubble-2");
+  const stepLine = document.getElementById("step-line");
+  const lbl1     = document.getElementById("lbl-1");
+  const lbl2     = document.getElementById("lbl-2");
+
+  const fType    = document.getElementById("f-board-type");
+  const fName    = document.getElementById("f-name");
+  const fHost    = document.getElementById("f-host");
+  const fRelays  = document.getElementById("f-relays");
+  const fInputs  = document.getElementById("f-inputs");
+  const hwSec    = document.getElementById("f-hw-section");
+  const gwSec    = document.getElementById("f-gw-section");
+  const gwAlert  = document.getElementById("f-gw-alert");
+  const gwIcon   = document.getElementById("f-gw-icon");
+  const gwText   = document.getElementById("f-gw-text");
+  const s2Icon   = document.getElementById("s2-icon-wrap");
+  const s2Label  = document.getElementById("s2-type-label");
+  const s2Desc   = document.getElementById("s2-type-desc");
+
+  // Card clicks
+  document.querySelectorAll(".type-card").forEach(function (card) {
+    card.addEventListener("click", function () { goStep2(card.dataset.type); });
+  });
+
+  // Back
+  btnBack.addEventListener("click", function () {
+    step2.classList.add("d-none");
+    step1.classList.remove("d-none");
+    bubble1.classList.replace("done", "active");
+    bubble2.classList.remove("active");
+    stepLine.classList.remove("done");
+    lbl1.classList.remove("text-success");
+    lbl2.classList.add("text-muted");
+    lbl2.classList.remove("fw-semibold");
+  });
+
+  function goStep2(type) {
+    const drv   = DRIVERS[type] || { relays: 4, inputs: 4, desc: "" };
+    const meta  = GW_META[type] || null;
+    const isGw  = GATEWAY_TYPES.includes(type);
+
+    fType.value   = type;
+    fRelays.value = drv.relays;
+    fInputs.value = drv.inputs;
+    fName.value   = "";
+
+    // Header icon + label
+    if (meta) {
+      s2Icon.innerHTML         = meta.iconHtml;
+      s2Icon.style.background  = meta.iconBg;
+      s2Icon.style.color       = meta.iconColor;
+      s2Label.textContent      = meta.label;
+    } else {
+      s2Icon.innerHTML         = '<i class="bi bi-cpu-fill"></i>';
+      s2Icon.style.background  = "rgba(88,166,255,.15)";
+      s2Icon.style.color       = "#58a6ff";
+      s2Label.textContent      = type.replace(/_/g, " ").replace(/\b\w/g, c => c.toUpperCase());
+    }
+    s2Desc.textContent = drv.desc;
+
+    // Section visibility
+    if (isGw) {
+      hwSec.classList.add("d-none");
+      fHost.required = false;
+      gwSec.classList.remove("d-none");
+      gwAlert.className = "alert py-3 d-flex gap-3 align-items-start " + meta.alertCls;
+      gwIcon.innerHTML  = meta.alertIcon;
+      gwText.innerHTML  = meta.alertBody;
+    } else {
+      hwSec.classList.remove("d-none");
+      fHost.required = true;
+      gwSec.classList.add("d-none");
+    }
+
+    // Step indicator
+    step1.classList.add("d-none");
+    step2.classList.remove("d-none");
+    bubble1.classList.remove("active");
+    bubble1.classList.add("done");
+    bubble2.classList.add("active");
+    stepLine.classList.add("done");
+    lbl1.classList.add("text-success");
+    lbl2.classList.remove("text-muted");
+    lbl2.classList.add("fw-semibold");
+
+    fName.focus();
+  }
+}());
 </script>
 {% endblock %}

app/templates/tuya/auth_settings.html

@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+{% block title %}{{ board.name }} – Tuya Settings{% endblock %}
+
+{% block content %}
+<div class="container py-4" style="max-width:560px">
+  <a href="{{ url_for('tuya.gateway', board_id=board.id) }}" class="btn btn-outline-secondary btn-sm mb-3">
+    <i class="bi bi-arrow-left me-1"></i>Back to Gateway
+  </a>
+
+  <div class="card bg-dark border-secondary">
+    <div class="card-header">
+      <h5 class="mb-0">
+        <i class="bi bi-qr-code me-2 text-info"></i>Tuya / Smart Life Account
+      </h5>
+    </div>
+    <div class="card-body">
+
+      {% with messages = get_flashed_messages(with_categories=true) %}
+        {% if messages %}
+          {% for cat, msg in messages %}
+            <div class="alert alert-{{ cat }} py-2 alert-dismissible fade show" role="alert">
+              {{ msg }}<button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="alert"></button>
+            </div>
+          {% endfor %}
+        {% endif %}
+      {% endwith %}
+
+      <p class="text-muted small mb-4">
+        Link your <strong>Tuya / Smart Life</strong> account by scanning a QR code with
+        the mobile app. No tokens or passwords are stored in plain text – only the
+        access/refresh token pair returned by SSO is persisted.
+      </p>
+
+      {# Current status #}
+      {% if board.config.get('tuya_token_info') %}
+      <div class="alert alert-success py-2 d-flex align-items-center gap-2" id="linked-status">
+        <i class="bi bi-check-circle-fill"></i>
+        <span>
+          Account linked.
+          <small class="opacity-75">(User code: {{ board.config.get('tuya_user_code', '?') }})</small>
+        </span>
+      </div>
+      {% else %}
+      <div class="alert alert-secondary py-2 d-flex align-items-center gap-2" id="linked-status">
+        <i class="bi bi-x-circle"></i>
+        <span>No account linked yet.</span>
+      </div>
+      {% endif %}
+
+      {# QR section #}
+      <div id="qr-section">
+
+        <div class="mb-3">
+          <label for="input-user-code" class="form-label fw-semibold">Your Tuya User Code</label>
+          <input type="text" id="input-user-code" class="form-control"
+                 placeholder="e.g. myname123"
+                 value="{{ board.config.get('tuya_user_code', '') }}">
+          <div class="form-text">
+            Choose any short identifier for this installation (letters and numbers, no spaces).
+            You will need to remember it if you ever re-link the account.
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <button id="btn-start-qr" class="btn btn-info mb-3">
+          <i class="bi bi-qr-code me-1"></i>Generate QR Code
+        </button>
+
+        <div id="qr-area" class="text-center d-none">
+          <div id="qr-canvas" class="d-inline-block p-2 bg-white rounded mb-3"></div>
+          <p class="text-muted small mb-1" id="qr-instruction">
+            Open the <strong>Smart Life</strong> (or Tuya Smart) app → tap the
+            <i class="bi bi-qr-code-scan"></i> scan icon → scan this QR code.
+          </p>
+          <div class="d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center gap-2 mt-2">
+            <div class="spinner-border spinner-border-sm text-info" role="status" id="qr-spinner">
+              <span class="visually-hidden">Waiting…</span>
+            </div>
+            <span class="text-muted small" id="qr-poll-msg">Waiting for scan…</span>
+          </div>
+          <button id="btn-cancel-qr" class="btn btn-outline-secondary btn-sm mt-3">Cancel</button>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+{% endblock %}
+
+{% block scripts %}
+<!-- QR code renderer (MIT, CDN) -->
+<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/qrcode@1/build/qrcode.min.js"></script>
+<script>
+(function() {
+  const BOARD_ID  = {{ board.id }};
+  const QR_URL    = "{{ url_for('tuya.generate_qr',  board_id=board.id) }}";
+  const POLL_URL  = "{{ url_for('tuya.poll_login',   board_id=board.id) }}";
+  const SAVE_URL  = "{{ url_for('tuya.save_auth',    board_id=board.id) }}";
+  const GW_URL    = "{{ url_for('tuya.gateway',       board_id=board.id) }}";
+
+  let pollTimer   = null;
+  let userCode    = null;
+  let qrToken     = null;
+
+  const btnStart  = document.getElementById('btn-start-qr');
+  const btnCancel = document.getElementById('btn-cancel-qr');
+  const qrArea    = document.getElementById('qr-area');
+  const qrCanvas  = document.getElementById('qr-canvas');
+  const spinner   = document.getElementById('qr-spinner');
+  const pollMsg   = document.getElementById('qr-poll-msg');
+  const statusDiv = document.getElementById('linked-status');
+  const inputCode = document.getElementById('input-user-code');
+
+  btnStart.addEventListener('click', startQr);
+  btnCancel.addEventListener('click', cancelQr);
+
+  function startQr() {
+    const code = inputCode.value.trim();
+    if (!code) {
+      inputCode.focus();
+      inputCode.classList.add('is-invalid');
+      return;
+    }
+    inputCode.classList.remove('is-invalid');
+
+    btnStart.disabled = true;
+    btnStart.innerHTML = '<span class="spinner-border spinner-border-sm me-1"></span>Generating…';
+
+    fetch(QR_URL, {
+      method: 'POST',
+      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+      body: JSON.stringify({ user_code: code }),
+    })
+      .then(r => r.json())
+      .then(function(data) {
+        if (!data.ok) { showError(data.error); btnStart.disabled = false; btnStart.innerHTML = '<i class="bi bi-qr-code me-1"></i>Generate QR Code'; return; }
+
+        userCode = data.user_code;
+        qrToken  = data.qr_token;
+
+        // Render QR code into canvas div
+        qrCanvas.innerHTML = '';
+        QRCode.toCanvas(document.createElement('canvas'), data.qr_data, { width: 220 }, function(err, canvas) {
+          if (err) { showError('QR render failed: ' + err); return; }
+          qrCanvas.appendChild(canvas);
+        });
+
+        qrArea.classList.remove('d-none');
+        btnStart.classList.add('d-none');
+        inputCode.disabled = true;
+        pollMsg.textContent = 'Waiting for scan…';
+        spinner.classList.remove('d-none');
+
+        // Start polling every 3 s
+        pollTimer = setInterval(pollLogin, 3000);
+      })
+      .catch(function(err) { showError(err); btnStart.disabled = false; btnStart.innerHTML = '<i class="bi bi-qr-code me-1"></i>Generate QR Code'; });
+  }
+
+  function pollLogin() {
+    const url = POLL_URL + '?token=' + encodeURIComponent(qrToken) + '&user_code=' + encodeURIComponent(userCode);
+    fetch(url)
+      .then(r => r.json())
+      .then(function(data) {
+        if (data.ok) {
+          clearInterval(pollTimer);
+          pollMsg.textContent = '✓ Scanned! Saving…';
+          spinner.classList.add('d-none');
+          saveTokens(data.info);
+        } else if (data.error) {
+          clearInterval(pollTimer);
+          pollMsg.textContent = 'Error: ' + data.error;
+          spinner.classList.add('d-none');
+        }
+        // else data.pending: keep waiting
+      })
+      .catch(function() { /* network hiccup – keep polling */ });
+  }
+
+  function saveTokens(info) {
+    fetch(SAVE_URL, {
+      method: 'POST',
+      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+      body: JSON.stringify({ info: info, user_code: userCode }),
+    })
+    .then(r => r.json())
+    .then(function(data) {
+      if (data.ok) {
+        pollMsg.textContent = '✓ Account linked successfully! Redirecting…';
+        setTimeout(function() { window.location.href = data.redirect || GW_URL; }, 1500);
+      } else {
+        showError(data.error || 'Save failed');
+      }
+    })
+    .catch(function(err) { showError(err); });
+  }
+
+  function cancelQr() {
+    clearInterval(pollTimer);
+    qrArea.classList.add('d-none');
+    btnStart.classList.remove('d-none');
+    btnStart.disabled = false;
+    btnStart.innerHTML = '<i class="bi bi-qr-code me-1"></i>Generate QR Code';
+    qrCanvas.innerHTML = '';
+    inputCode.disabled = false;
+  }
+
+  function showError(msg) {
+    const el = document.createElement('div');
+    el.className = 'alert alert-danger py-2 mt-2';
+    el.textContent = msg;
+    qrCanvas.after(el);
+  }
+})();
+</script>
+{% endblock %}

app/templates/tuya/device.html

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+{% block title %}{{ device.name }} – Tuya Device{% endblock %}
+
+{% block content %}
+<div class="container py-4" style="max-width:640px">
+
+  {# ── Breadcrumb ──────────────────────────────────────────────────── #}
+  <nav aria-label="breadcrumb" class="small mb-3">
+    <ol class="breadcrumb">
+      <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="{{ url_for('boards.list_boards') }}">Boards</a></li>
+      <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="{{ url_for('tuya.gateway', board_id=board.id) }}">{{ board.name }}</a></li>
+      <li class="breadcrumb-item active">{{ device.name }}</li>
+    </ol>
+  </nav>
+
+  {# ── Device card ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── #}
+  {% set icon_cls = {
+      'switch':  'bi-toggles',
+      'light':   'bi-lightbulb-fill',
+      'fan':     'bi-fan',
+      'sensor':  'bi-thermometer-half',
+      'cover':   'bi-door-open',
+  }.get(device.kind, 'bi-plug') %}
+
+  <div class="card bg-dark border-secondary mb-4">
+    <div class="card-header d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between py-2">
+      <div class="d-flex align-items-center gap-2">
+        <i class="bi {{ icon_cls }} fs-5 text-info"></i>
+        <span class="fw-bold">{{ device.name }}</span>
+      </div>
+      {% if device.is_online %}
+        <span class="badge bg-success">Online</span>
+      {% else %}
+        <span class="badge bg-secondary">Offline</span>
+      {% endif %}
+    </div>
+    <div class="card-body">
+      <dl class="row small mb-0">
+        <dt class="col-5 text-muted">Device ID</dt>
+        <dd class="col-7 font-monospace text-break">{{ device.device_id }}</dd>
+        <dt class="col-5 text-muted">Category</dt>
+        <dd class="col-7">{{ device.category }} ({{ device.kind }})</dd>
+        {% if device.product_name %}
+        <dt class="col-5 text-muted">Product</dt>
+        <dd class="col-7">{{ device.product_name }}</dd>
+        {% endif %}
+        {% if device.last_seen %}
+        <dt class="col-5 text-muted">Last seen</dt>
+        <dd class="col-7">{{ device.last_seen.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M') }}</dd>
+        {% endif %}
+      </dl>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+
+  {# ── Controls ────────────────────────────────────────────────────── #}
+  {% if device.switch_dps %}
+  <div class="card bg-dark border-secondary mb-4">
+    <div class="card-header py-2"><strong>Controls</strong></div>
+    <div class="card-body d-flex flex-wrap gap-3">
+      {% for dp in device.switch_dps %}
+      {% set ch_on = device.status.get(dp, False) %}
+      <div class="d-flex align-items-center gap-2 border border-secondary rounded px-3 py-2"
+           id="ctrl-dp-{{ dp }}">
+        <span class="text-muted small">
+          {% if device.num_channels == 1 %}Power{% else %}CH{{ loop.index }}{% endif %}
+          <span class="font-monospace opacity-50">({{ dp }})</span>
+        </span>
+        <button
+          class="btn btn-sm px-3 tuya-dp-btn {{ 'btn-info' if ch_on else 'btn-outline-info' }}"
+          data-url="{{ url_for('tuya.toggle_dp', board_id=board.id, device_id=device.device_id, dp_code=dp) }}"
+          data-dp="{{ dp }}"
+        >{{ 'ON' if ch_on else 'OFF' }}</button>
+      </div>
+      {% endfor %}
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  {% endif %}
+
+  {# ── Full status ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── #}
+  {% if device.status %}
+  <div class="card bg-dark border-secondary mb-4">
+    <div class="card-header py-2 d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between">
+      <strong>Full Status</strong>
+      <small class="text-muted">All data points</small>
+    </div>
+    <div class="card-body p-0">
+      <table class="table table-dark table-sm table-striped mb-0">
+        <thead><tr><th>DP Code</th><th>Value</th></tr></thead>
+        <tbody>
+          {% for k, v in device.status.items() %}
+          {% set fv = v | tuya_dp(k, device.status) %}
+          <tr>
+            <td class="font-monospace text-muted">{{ k }}</td>
+            <td>
+              {% if fv is sameas true %}
+                <span class="badge bg-success">true</span>
+              {% elif fv is sameas false %}
+                <span class="badge bg-secondary">false</span>
+              {% else %}
+                {{ fv }}
+              {% endif %}
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          {% endfor %}
+        </tbody>
+      </table>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  {% endif %}
+
+  {# ── Rename ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────── #}
+  {% if current_user.is_admin() %}
+  <div class="card bg-dark border-secondary">
+    <div class="card-header py-2"><strong>Rename Device</strong></div>
+    <div class="card-body">
+      <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('tuya.rename_device', board_id=board.id, device_id=device.device_id) }}"
+            class="d-flex gap-2">
+        <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control form-control-sm"
+               value="{{ device.name }}" required style="max-width:300px">
+        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-sm">
+          <i class="bi bi-pencil me-1"></i>Rename
+        </button>
+      </form>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  {% endif %}
+
+</div>
+{% endblock %}
+
+{% block scripts %}
+<script>
+document.querySelectorAll('.tuya-dp-btn').forEach(function(btn) {
+  btn.addEventListener('click', function() {
+    const url = btn.dataset.url;
+    const dp  = btn.dataset.dp;
+    btn.disabled = true;
+    fetch(url, {
+      method: 'POST',
+      headers: { 'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest', 'Accept': 'application/json' },
+    })
+    .then(r => r.json())
+    .then(function(data) {
+      const wrap = document.getElementById('ctrl-dp-' + dp);
+      if (!wrap) return;
+      const b = wrap.querySelector('.tuya-dp-btn');
+      if (!b) return;
+      b.disabled = false;
+      if (data.state) {
+        b.textContent = 'ON';
+        b.classList.replace('btn-outline-info', 'btn-info');
+      } else {
+        b.textContent = 'OFF';
+        b.classList.replace('btn-info', 'btn-outline-info');
+      }
+    })
+    .catch(function() { btn.disabled = false; });
+  });
+});
+
+{% with messages = get_flashed_messages(with_categories=true) %}
+  {% if messages %}{% for cat, msg in messages %}{# consumed by parent template #}{% endfor %}{% endif %}
+{% endwith %}
+</script>
+{% endblock %}

app/templates/tuya/gateway.html

@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+{% block title %}{{ board.name }} – Tuya Cloud Gateway{% endblock %}
+
+{% block content %}
+<div class="container-fluid py-3">
+
+  {# ── Page header ──────────────────────────────────────────────────── #}
+  <div class="d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between mb-4 gap-2 flex-wrap">
+    <div class="d-flex align-items-center gap-3">
+      <a href="{{ url_for('boards.list_boards') }}" class="btn btn-outline-secondary btn-sm">
+        <i class="bi bi-arrow-left"></i>
+      </a>
+      <div>
+        <h4 class="mb-0 fw-bold">
+          <i class="bi bi-cloud-fill text-info me-2"></i>{{ board.name }}
+        </h4>
+        <small class="text-muted">Tuya Cloud Gateway
+          {% if board.is_online %}
+            <span class="badge bg-success ms-2">Online</span>
+          {% else %}
+            <span class="badge bg-secondary ms-2">Offline</span>
+          {% endif %}
+        </small>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <div class="d-flex gap-2 flex-wrap">
+      {% if current_user.is_admin() %}
+      <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('tuya.sync_devices', board_id=board.id) }}">
+        <button class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">
+          <i class="bi bi-arrow-repeat me-1"></i>Sync Devices
+        </button>
+      </form>
+      <a href="{{ url_for('tuya.auth_settings', board_id=board.id) }}" class="btn btn-outline-light btn-sm">
+        <i class="bi bi-key me-1"></i>Tuya Settings
+      </a>
+      {% endif %}
+    </div>
+  </div>
+
+  {# ── Flash messages ───────────────────────────────────────────────── #}
+  {% with messages = get_flashed_messages(with_categories=true) %}
+    {% if messages %}
+      {% for cat, msg in messages %}
+        <div class="alert alert-{{ cat }} alert-dismissible fade show py-2" role="alert">
+          {{ msg }}
+          <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="alert"></button>
+        </div>
+      {% endfor %}
+    {% endif %}
+  {% endwith %}
+
+  {# ── No token warning ─────────────────────────────────────────────── #}
+  {% if not has_token %}
+  <div class="alert alert-warning d-flex align-items-center gap-3" role="alert">
+    <i class="bi bi-exclamation-triangle-fill fs-4"></i>
+    <div>
+      <strong>Tuya account not linked.</strong>
+      <a href="{{ url_for('tuya.auth_settings', board_id=board.id) }}" class="alert-link">
+        Scan a QR code with the Smart Life app
+      </a> to discover and control devices.
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  {% endif %}
+
+  {# ── Device grid ──────────────────────────────────────────────────── #}
+  {% if devices %}
+  <div class="row g-3">
+    {% for dev in devices %}
+    {% set icon_cls = {
+        'switch':  'bi-toggles',
+        'light':   'bi-lightbulb-fill',
+        'fan':     'bi-fan',
+        'sensor':  'bi-thermometer-half',
+        'cover':   'bi-door-open',
+    }.get(dev.kind, 'bi-plug') %}
+    <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-xl-4" id="tuya-card-{{ dev.device_id }}">
+      <div class="card bg-dark border-secondary h-100">
+        <div class="card-header d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between py-2">
+          <div class="d-flex align-items-center gap-2">
+            <i class="bi {{ icon_cls }} text-info"></i>
+            <span class="fw-semibold text-truncate" style="max-width:160px"
+                  title="{{ dev.name }}">{{ dev.name }}</span>
+          </div>
+          <div class="d-flex align-items-center gap-2">
+            {% if dev.is_online %}
+              <span class="badge bg-success">Online</span>
+            {% else %}
+              <span class="badge bg-secondary">Offline</span>
+            {% endif %}
+            <a href="{{ url_for('tuya.device_detail', board_id=board.id, device_id=dev.device_id) }}"
+               class="btn btn-outline-secondary btn-sm px-2 py-0">
+              <i class="bi bi-sliders"></i>
+            </a>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+        <div class="card-body py-2">
+          <div class="text-muted small mb-2">
+            {{ dev.kind | capitalize }}
+            {% if dev.product_name %}
+              – {{ dev.product_name }}
+            {% endif %}
+          </div>
+
+          {# ── Switch / light / fan toggles ─────────────────────────── #}
+          {% if dev.kind in ('switch', 'light', 'fan') and dev.switch_dps %}
+          <div class="d-flex flex-wrap gap-2">
+            {% for dp in dev.switch_dps %}
+            {% set ch_idx = loop.index0 %}
+            {% set ch_on  = dev.status.get(dp, False) %}
+            <div class="d-flex align-items-center gap-2 border border-secondary rounded px-2 py-1"
+                 id="tuya-dp-{{ dev.device_id }}-{{ dp }}">
+              <span class="small text-muted">
+                {% if dev.num_channels == 1 %}Power{% else %}CH{{ loop.index }}{% endif %}
+              </span>
+              <button
+                class="btn btn-sm px-2 py-0 tuya-dp-btn {{ 'btn-info' if ch_on else 'btn-outline-info' }}"
+                data-url="{{ url_for('tuya.toggle_dp', board_id=board.id, device_id=dev.device_id, dp_code=dp) }}"
+                data-device="{{ dev.device_id }}" data-dp="{{ dp }}"
+                title="Toggle {{ dp }}"
+              >{{ 'ON' if ch_on else 'OFF' }}</button>
+            </div>
+            {% endfor %}
+          </div>
+
+          {# ── Sensor – show formatted live readings ────────────────── #}
+          {% elif dev.kind == 'sensor' %}
+          {# Hide config/threshold keys that clutter the card #}
+          {% set _skip_suffixes = ['_set', '_alarm', '_convert', '_mode'] %}
+          <dl class="row mb-0 small">
+            {% for k, v in dev.status.items() %}
+            {% set _hide = namespace(val=false) %}
+            {% for sfx in _skip_suffixes %}
+              {% if k.endswith(sfx) %}{% set _hide.val = true %}{% endif %}
+            {% endfor %}
+            {% if not _hide.val %}
+            {% set fv = v | tuya_dp(k, dev.status) %}
+            <dt class="col-6 text-muted text-truncate" title="{{ k }}">{{ k }}</dt>
+            <dd class="col-6 mb-1">
+              {% if fv is sameas true %}<span class="badge bg-success">on</span>
+              {% elif fv is sameas false %}<span class="badge bg-secondary">off</span>
+              {% else %}{{ fv }}{% endif %}
+            </dd>
+            {% endif %}
+            {% endfor %}
+          </dl>
+          {% endif %}
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    {% endfor %}
+  </div>
+
+  {% else %}
+  <div class="text-center text-muted py-5">
+    <i class="bi bi-cloud-slash fs-1 d-block mb-3 opacity-50"></i>
+    <p>No Tuya devices found.</p>
+    {% if has_token %}
+    <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('tuya.sync_devices', board_id=board.id) }}" class="d-inline">
+      <button class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-sm">
+        <i class="bi bi-arrow-repeat me-1"></i>Sync now
+      </button>
+    </form>
+    {% endif %}
+  </div>
+  {% endif %}
+</div>
+{% endblock %}
+
+{% block scripts %}
+<script>
+/* ── AJAX toggles ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+document.querySelectorAll('.tuya-dp-btn').forEach(function(btn) {
+  btn.addEventListener('click', function() {
+    const url    = btn.dataset.url;
+    const device = btn.dataset.device;
+    const dp     = btn.dataset.dp;
+    btn.disabled = true;
+    fetch(url, {
+      method: 'POST',
+      headers: {'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest', 'Accept': 'application/json'},
+    })
+    .then(r => r.json())
+    .then(function(data) {
+      updateDpButton(device, dp, data.state);
+    })
+    .catch(function() { btn.disabled = false; });
+  });
+});
+
+function updateDpButton(deviceId, dp, state) {
+  const wrap = document.getElementById('tuya-dp-' + deviceId + '-' + dp);
+  if (!wrap) return;
+  const btn = wrap.querySelector('.tuya-dp-btn');
+  if (!btn) return;
+  btn.disabled = false;
+  if (state) {
+    btn.textContent = 'ON';
+    btn.classList.replace('btn-outline-info', 'btn-info');
+  } else {
+    btn.textContent = 'OFF';
+    btn.classList.replace('btn-info', 'btn-outline-info');
+  }
+}
+
+/* ── Socket.IO live updates ───────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+if (typeof io !== 'undefined') {
+  const socket = io();
+  socket.on('tuya_update', function(data) {
+    if (data.board_id !== {{ board.id }}) return;
+    updateDpButton(data.device_id, data.dp_code, data.state);
+  });
+}
+</script>
+{% endblock %}

migrations/README

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Single-database configuration for Flask.

migrations/alembic.ini

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# A generic, single database configuration.
+
+[alembic]
+# template used to generate migration files
+# file_template = %%(rev)s_%%(slug)s
+
+# set to 'true' to run the environment during
+# the 'revision' command, regardless of autogenerate
+# revision_environment = false
+
+
+# Logging configuration
+[loggers]
+keys = root,sqlalchemy,alembic,flask_migrate
+
+[handlers]
+keys = console
+
+[formatters]
+keys = generic
+
+[logger_root]
+level = WARN
+handlers = console
+qualname =
+
+[logger_sqlalchemy]
+level = WARN
+handlers =
+qualname = sqlalchemy.engine
+
+[logger_alembic]
+level = INFO
+handlers =
+qualname = alembic
+
+[logger_flask_migrate]
+level = INFO
+handlers =
+qualname = flask_migrate
+
+[handler_console]
+class = StreamHandler
+args = (sys.stderr,)
+level = NOTSET
+formatter = generic
+
+[formatter_generic]
+format = %(levelname)-5.5s [%(name)s] %(message)s
+datefmt = %H:%M:%S

migrations/env.py

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+import logging
+from logging.config import fileConfig
+
+from flask import current_app
+
+from alembic import context
+
+# this is the Alembic Config object, which provides
+# access to the values within the .ini file in use.
+config = context.config
+
+# Interpret the config file for Python logging.
+# This line sets up loggers basically.
+fileConfig(config.config_file_name)
+logger = logging.getLogger('alembic.env')
+
+
+def get_engine():
+    try:
+        # this works with Flask-SQLAlchemy<3 and Alchemical
+        return current_app.extensions['migrate'].db.get_engine()
+    except (TypeError, AttributeError):
+        # this works with Flask-SQLAlchemy>=3
+        return current_app.extensions['migrate'].db.engine
+
+
+def get_engine_url():
+    try:
+        return get_engine().url.render_as_string(hide_password=False).replace(
+            '%', '%%')
+    except AttributeError:
+        return str(get_engine().url).replace('%', '%%')
+
+
+# add your model's MetaData object here
+# for 'autogenerate' support
+# from myapp import mymodel
+# target_metadata = mymodel.Base.metadata
+config.set_main_option('sqlalchemy.url', get_engine_url())
+target_db = current_app.extensions['migrate'].db
+
+# other values from the config, defined by the needs of env.py,
+# can be acquired:
+# my_important_option = config.get_main_option("my_important_option")
+# ... etc.
+
+
+def get_metadata():
+    if hasattr(target_db, 'metadatas'):
+        return target_db.metadatas[None]
+    return target_db.metadata
+
+
+def run_migrations_offline():
+    """Run migrations in 'offline' mode.
+
+    This configures the context with just a URL
+    and not an Engine, though an Engine is acceptable
+    here as well.  By skipping the Engine creation
+    we don't even need a DBAPI to be available.
+
+    Calls to context.execute() here emit the given string to the
+    script output.
+
+    """
+    url = config.get_main_option("sqlalchemy.url")
+    context.configure(
+        url=url, target_metadata=get_metadata(), literal_binds=True
+    )
+
+    with context.begin_transaction():
+        context.run_migrations()
+
+
+def run_migrations_online():
+    """Run migrations in 'online' mode.
+
+    In this scenario we need to create an Engine
+    and associate a connection with the context.
+
+    """
+
+    # this callback is used to prevent an auto-migration from being generated
+    # when there are no changes to the schema
+    # reference: http://alembic.zzzcomputing.com/en/latest/cookbook.html
+    def process_revision_directives(context, revision, directives):
+        if getattr(config.cmd_opts, 'autogenerate', False):
+            script = directives[0]
+            if script.upgrade_ops.is_empty():
+                directives[:] = []
+                logger.info('No changes in schema detected.')
+
+    conf_args = current_app.extensions['migrate'].configure_args
+    if conf_args.get("process_revision_directives") is None:
+        conf_args["process_revision_directives"] = process_revision_directives
+
+    connectable = get_engine()
+
+    with connectable.connect() as connection:
+        context.configure(
+            connection=connection,
+            target_metadata=get_metadata(),
+            **conf_args
+        )
+
+        with context.begin_transaction():
+            context.run_migrations()
+
+
+if context.is_offline_mode():
+    run_migrations_offline()
+else:
+    run_migrations_online()

migrations/script.py.mako

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"""${message}
+
+Revision ID: ${up_revision}
+Revises: ${down_revision | comma,n}
+Create Date: ${create_date}
+
+"""
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+${imports if imports else ""}
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = ${repr(up_revision)}
+down_revision = ${repr(down_revision)}
+branch_labels = ${repr(branch_labels)}
+depends_on = ${repr(depends_on)}
+
+
+def upgrade():
+    ${upgrades if upgrades else "pass"}
+
+
+def downgrade():
+    ${downgrades if downgrades else "pass"}

requirements.txt

@@ -12,3 +12,5 @@ WTForms==3.1.2
 SQLAlchemy==2.0.31
 greenlet>=3.1.1
 pycryptodome==3.23.0
+cryptography>=42.0.0
+tuya-device-sharing-sdk>=0.2.9